Review of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Indonesia and Malaysia: Epidemiology of The Infection and The Presence of The Vector Across Time

Abstract

Background: Plasmodium vivax causes malaria is a major public health concern in Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia. Anopheles punctulatus, a common vector, transmits the disease via the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitos. Understanding the epidemiology and entomology of vivax malaria is critical for developing successful control and prevention strategies.

Materials and methods: This study investigates the epidemiology and entomology of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Indonesia and Malaysia over a period of time.

Results: Malaria research in Indonesia and Malaysia can provide insights into the parasite's genetic diversity and help tailor interventions to specific challenges. Findings from this review will contributes to global efforts to eradicate malaria and mitigate its effects on vulnerable populations. Plasmodium vivax malaria, which is prevalent in Indonesia and Malaysia, has been extensively studied by researchers. Variations in transmission dynamics and entomological factors have had an impact on the disease's spread and persistence. The emergence of P. knowlesi as a common cause of malaria in Malaysia demonstrates the intricate interplay between human behaviour and environmental factors.

Conclusion/Recommendations: The results of artesunate-mefloquine and artemisinin-based combination therapy demonstrate the importance of effective antimalarial regimens. P. vivax's unique genetic diversity and potential for out breeding highlight the importance of tailored interventions. More research is needed to better understand disease transmission dynamics and develop targeted interventions.